The Three Laws of Logic

Critical thinking skills have never been more important to identifying the truth in the sea of lies and misinformation we are flooded with on the internet and media in these modern days.

Here is a great excerpt on the basic Laws of Logic by J. P. Moreland:

"There are three fundamental laws of logic. Suppose P is any indicative sentence, say, “It is raining.”
The law of identity: P is P.
The law of noncontradiction: P is not non-P.
The law of the excluded middle: Either P or non-P.

The law of identity says that if a statement such as “It is raining” is true, then the statement is true. More generally, it says that the statement P is the same thing as itself and it’s different from everything else. Applied to all realty, the law of identity says that everything is itself and not something else.

The law of non-contradiction says that a statement such as “It is raining” cannot be both true and false in the same sense. Of course it could be raining in Missouri and not raining in Arizona, but the principle says that it cannot be raining and not raining at the same time in the same place.

The law of the excluded middle says that a statement such as “It is raining” is either true or false. There is no other alternative.

These fundamental laws are true principles governing reality and thought and are assumed by Scripture. Some claim they are arbitrary Western constructions, but this is false. The basic laws of logic govern all reality and thought and are known to be true for at least two reasons:

(1) They are intuitively obvious and self-evident. Once one understands a basic law of logic, one can see that it is true.

(2) Those who deny them use these principles in their denial, demonstrating that those laws are unavoidable and that it is self-refuting to deny them.

Read the the source of the article here: arcapologetics.org/three-laws-logic/